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K27 Kienmayer, Michael von
Kienmayer, Michael Freiherr von
Dates of Life
Born: Vienna, 17.01.17551
Died: Vienna, 28.10.1828
Family Status
Married: 1801 [N.] von Auernhammer
Promotions
Major: 11.11.1788
Oberstleutnant: 01.08.17892
Oberst: 21.11.17893
Generalmajor: 11.06.17944 (w.r.f. 02.04.1794)
Feldmarschalleutnant: 06.03.1800 (w.r.f. 04.09.1799)
General der Kavallerie: 03.08.18095
Retired: 20.11.1826
Posts and Offices (Army, Politics, Court)
Military Commander in Silesia (Troppau): 05.1801 – 09.1805
Adlatus of the Commanding General in Hungary: 16.11.1809 – 1813
Commanding General ad interim in Galicia: 07.1813 – 07.1814
Commanding General in Transylvania: 07.1814 – 05.1820
Commanding General in Moravia and Silesia: 05.1820 – 01.12.(20.11.)1826
Field Service (1792-1815)
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of Frankenmarkt: 17.12.1800 (–)
Commander of the (autonomous) Reserve Corps of the Army of Germany: 09.-11.1805
Commander of the Austrian forces at the combat of Parsdorf: 12.10.1805 (–)
Commander of the (autonomous) Reserve Corps: 12.1805
Commander of the 2nd Reserve Corps: 02.-05.1809
Commander of the Corps in Saxony: 18.(26.)06.-08.1809
Commander of the 11th Army Corps: 08.-11.1809
Elevation of Social Status
Freiherr (by elevation of his father): 30.09.1775
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Austria)
Military Maria Theresian Order – KC: 21.12.1789 / CC: 04.1810
Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°8: 23.01.18026 – 28.10.1828
I.R. Privy Councillor: 12.02.1816
Orders, Awards, Honorary Appointments (Foreign Countries)
Hessen-Kassel:
Order of the Golden Lion – GC: 1809/10
Order of Military Merit: 1809/10
Biographical Essay (by Digby Smith)
Michael von Kienmayer was born on 17 January 1755 in Vienna; he entered Austrian military service as a cadet in the Infantry Regiment N°26, in 1774. Next year he transferred to Dragoon Regiment N°5 "Jung-Modena". In January 1778 he became captain (2nd class) in Hussar Regiment "Barco" N°35. He fought in the War of the Bavarian Succession 1778 and was distinguished in Wurmser's raid into the Prussian county of Glatz in Silesia; on 18 January 1779, he was again to the fore in the capture of the block house at Ober-Schwedeldorf, being promoted to 1st captain on the field.
The wars against the Turks in 1788/89 gave him more chances to demonstrate his skills and bravery. On 24 April 1788, 2,000 Turkish troops made a sortie from the fortress of Chotim on the River Dniestr (now Chochim, Poland) to attack the weak, 40-man Austrian posts on the pass of Rohatyn (now Rogatin in the Ukraine) and on the hill at Pojana Losi, when Kienmayer returned with 13 "Barco" hussars from a scouting patrol. He rallied the tiny Austrian garrison and repeatedly repelled Turkish assaults, in a fighting withdrawal onto two companies of Infantry Regiment "Khevenhüller" N°12.
Kienmayer and his regiment also shone in the siege of the fortress of Chotim, under command of Prinz Josias von Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld, by constant harrying of the foraging parties sent out by the Turkish garrison. In November 1788, Kienmayer was promoted to major. On 21 July 1789, the allied Austro-Russian army advanced to the battle of Focsani (northeast of Bucharest) and Kienmayer won more laurels for his raid, which captured the Turkish camp and baggage, driving the enemy to the River Putna. For this he was promoted to Oberstleutnant. Again distinguished in the battles of Rimniki (22 September 1789) and Martinesti (23 September 1789) Kienmayer was sent to carry the news of the victories to emperor Joseph II. in Vienna.
On 26 October, he was back at the front. He commanded the advanced guard in the advance into Wallachia, and on 9 November 1789 occupied Bucharest, which had been abandoned by the Turks. Three days later he was sent from Kalagureni, with 300 hussars, 500 Arnauten (heavily armed Albanians) and two guns, to scout the land around the fortress of Giurgiu, on the north bank of the Danube, south of Bucharest. On the way, Kienmayer heard that the fortress commander, Jussuf Pasha, was on a foraging raid in the nearby village of Onyak. Kienmayer at once planned to take him, which was done just after dusk. Jussuf Pasha, his escort and some 2,000 cattle and horses were taken. That same month, he was promoted to Oberst and given command of Chevauxleger Regiment "Levenehr" N°19. As a result of his outstanding behavior during the campaign of 1789 he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Maria Theresian Order at the end of that year.
In April 1792, Kienmayer was posted to command Hussar Regiment "Barco" N°35 and sent to Flanders. He was distinguished, first in the clash at Solre-le-Chateau (23 April 1794), then at Rouvroi on 13 May, where, as part of FZM Kaunitz-Rietberg's corps, he charged a French column under GdD Louis Charbonnier (6,000 strong) with four squadrons of his regiment and threw them back into the Sambre. Only five years after his appointment to colonel Kienmayer received his promotion to Major General on 11 June 1794.
In 1796 Kienmayer served under Erzherzog Carl, commanding a mixed brigade of two battalions of the O'Donell Freicorps and eight squadrons of the "Barco" Hussars, in Staader's division of the Army of the Lower Rhine. He distinguished himself in the clash of Sulzbach-Rosenfeld on 17 August 1796 and also fought at the battle of Würzburg. On 4 September 1796, Kienmayer led Hussar Regiment N°2 to capture an enemy magazine at Wertheim on the River Main, and then took ten ships, laden with 60 guns and 340 barrels of powder at Freudenberg, further downstream. He was again distinguished on 21 March 1799 in the battle of Ostrach and again at Stockach on 25 March of the same year.
On 24 May 1799, Kienmayer commanded the advanced guard at Andelfingen in northern Switzerland, during the retreat, when he held up the six-times-stronger pursuing French under Ney for hours and then escaped with his men by swimming the River Thur. For this he was promoted Feldmarschalleutnant on 6 March 1800. On 25 April 1800, his division was attacked by GdD Saint-Suzanne near Buhl on the upper Rhine. He conducted a skillful fighting withdrawal, allowing his commander, FZM von Kray, time to concentrate his corps and to send him support. Kienmayer also fought in the battle of Biberach (9 May 1800) and commanded the allied right wing in the defeat at Hohenlinden on 3 December 1800. In January 1802, he was appointed Colonel-Proprietor of the Hussar Regiment N°8.
For the 1805 campaign he commanded an independent corps under FML Werneck's overall command. At Austerlitz he was put in command of the Austrian Avantgarde of the 1st allied Column of General Buxhoewden.
In 1809 Kienmayer fought with distinction at Aspern, where he led a division in the I Reserve Corps. On 18 June he received his appointment to command the XI Corps, operating against King Jerome in the Bamberg area. On 28 June, he beat off a Westphalian assault at Nossen, in Saxony and on 8 July, he joined GM Radivojevich at Gefrees, to defeat GdD Junot. His actions in that campaign won him the Comander's Cross of the MMTO and promotion to General der Kavallerie on 3 August. After that campaignKienmayer served in Hungary as Inspector General of Cavalry. In 1814 he was appointed Commanding General of Transylvania and – in 1820 – of Moravia and Silesia. He retired in 1826 and died in Vienna on 28 October 1828.