Raisons de la défaite de Napoléon au Portugal
António Pedro Vicente
Between 1801 and 1811, Portugal was the theatre of military operations often called “Guerre d’Espagne” (Peninsular war) in historiography. The strategic and commercial importance of Portugal was a stake in itself which is revealed by Napoleon’s invasion as early as 1801. The French army’s repeated mistakes throughout the different campaigns entailed a defeat that was widely due to a lack of soldier’s training, differences of opinion between generals as well as particularities of the war zone. It also illustrates the deficiency in the command of the army which forecasted a defeat in Spain and on other battlefields.
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