It should be noted that Gribeauval was a school-trained artilleryman and not an engineer. He did, as an artillery captain, command a miner company, but the miners at that time belonged to the artillery as the engineers was an organization only of officers and they had no troops. That didn't change until Carnot in the early years of the Revolution, who was an engineer, brought the miners under the cognizance of the engineers and additionally had battalions of sapeurs du genie (combat engineers) organized and officered by engineers.