There are four 'reports' of artillery casualties in the battles of Friedland, Essling, Lutzen, and New Orleans.

Senarmont estimated that the Russian casualties in the target area of his attack were 4,000. Coignet's memoirs records the artillery hits on the Imperial Guard infantry on the second day of the battle. Flauhaut, who accompanied the Guard assault at Lutzen, saw the carnage left by Drouot's artillery attack. Both there and at Friedland the Russian/allied center was destroyed by mass, close range artillery fire. At New Orleans, British survivors of the assault mentioned the heavy, accurate American artillery fire and when the dead were buried recorded that the majority of them were killed by artillery fire.

It would be easier to tell a soldier being killed by artillery fire than by musketry as the condition of the bodies, and parts of bodies would be a definite indicator. Russian accounts of Friedland definitely state that some of the infantry units taken under fire by Senarmont's command were slaughtered in place.